I'm sorry. I realized after I posted that you did address almost all the questions I raised before I raised them.
What is a CPU player?

I don't think the Desert should be a border block. It should be a sort of all time neutral enemy. You could conquer it and use it as a bridge to attack adjacent tiles, but if you occupy it you lose one army per turn. If there is only one army left on the desert by a real player, it reverts to a ...

Okay, but how would the Robber move around? Presumably he would appear on a random territory, but every territory already has a player sitting on it. Even if you just set aside the "real" owner of that territory for the duration of the Robber's stay, there is still the question of when the Robber ...

I love Kataan, and this is a cool thread. I think any old random throw of the tiles will work as a board because the "chaos" aspect comes in when the computer puts our soldiers down all over the place. The one you have posted looks good.
Also, what if you specialized in a resource, and the more of ...