When planning an attack I calculate how many troops I need to win. The mathematical odds are in favour of the attacker so the defender should lose more then the attacker. Reality doesn't always follow math.
I always figure on losing about the same number as the attacker. Then I add 2 (or 4 if the attacker has a large stack) to allow for a bad roll. Then I add 1 for the region. Plus 3 as a base to attack with.
To attack an army of 1 I want a minimum of 5. I figure on losing just 1. To attack 4 I want to use an army of 10. To attack 20 I would use 28 (or 30 to make it a nice round number).
Does anyone use a different formula to calculate troop deployment?
My most memorable success was when I when I attacked an army of 4 with just 4 (I was desperate). 2 lucky rolls and victory.